Analysis of the nutritional value and current status of development and utilization of medicinal and edible Euryale seeds

March 12, 2024

01
According to the pharmacopoeia records

This product is the dry and mature kernel of Euryale ferox Salisb., a plant in the water lily family. Harvest mature fruits in late autumn and early winter, remove the skin, remove the seeds, wash them clean, then remove the hard shell (outer seed coat) and dry them in the sun.

[ Description ] This product is spherical in shape, mostly broken, with a complete diameter of 5-8mm. On the surface, there is a brownish red or reddish brown inner seed coat, with one end yellow white, accounting for about one-third of the total. There are concave shaped navel marks, which appear white after removing the inner seed coat. Hard texture, white cross-section, powdery. Slight breath, light taste.

Taste and Meridian: Sweet, astringent, and smooth. Gui Pi, Kidney Meridian.

[ Function and Indications ] Tonifying the kidney and consolidating essence, tonifying the spleen and stopping diarrhea, removing dampness and stopping menstruation. Used for nocturnal emission, nocturnal enuresis, frequent urination, chronic diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, white turbidity, and vaginal discharge.

[Usage and Dosage] 9-15g.

[ Storage ] Store in a well ventilated and dry place to prevent moths.

02
The nutritional components of Euryale seeds

Euryale fruit is rich in dietary fiber, essential amino acids, minerals, and vitamins (Table 1), and has been known as "ginseng in water" since ancient times.

The carbohydrate content in the fruit of Euryale is about 72.1% to 77.6%, of which starch accounts for 70% to 80%, and is the initial source of "Euryale powder" used for thickening. Euryale seeds contain 0.99% crude fiber, making them a good source of energy and dietary fiber.

The protein content in the fruit of Euryale is relatively high, with Southern Euryale (Chaozhou) reaching around 9.54%, which is higher than that of general cereal crops. The protein of Euryale fruit contains a rich variety of amino acids, including 18 types of amino acids, including 7 essential amino acids for the human body, such as Iys, Glu, His, Leu, Lle, Arg, Vag, etc.

The content of lipid substances in the fruit of Euryale is relatively low, about 1%, among which the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids is relatively high, and the content of linoleic acid accounts for about 34.49%.

Euryale has health functions such as promoting kidney and astringent essence, strengthening spleen and stopping diarrhea, delaying aging, and nourishing qi and blood.

03
Application and Development Status of Euryale Fruit

3.1 Instant health care Congee uses the fruit of Gorgon euryale, Job's tears, yam, etc. as the main raw materials to develop the nutrition health care Congee of fruit of Gorgon euryale: first peel the fresh fruit of Gorgon euryale, then treat it with 0.05% calcium chloride and 0.2% citric acid mixed with color fixative, then take 8% fresh fruit of Gorgon euryale, 6% glutinous rice, 2% Job's tears, and appropriate amount of longan, sugar, etc. Finally, to ensure its stability, add 0.04% xanthan gum and 0.2% sodium alginate, and develop instant health care Congee with good export feeling and longevity.

3.2 Euryale fruit cake Euryale fruit cake has a good therapeutic function for kidney and spleen diseases and chronic diarrhea. For example, yam Euryale fruit cake with the function of treating diarrhea: put 1000g fresh Euryale fruit into a pot, add water, boil it, remove the shell and dry it, grind it into a powder, add water with 250g glutinous Rice noodles and 100g white sugar, mix it evenly, knead it into a powder, and then put it into a mold to make Euryale fruit cake, steam it until cooked.

You can also peel and grind the dried fruit of the thicket into powder, mix it with steamed Huai yam, steamed and pitted red date puree, dried tangerine peel powder, and white sugar to make cakes. Steam them in a steamer and it's ready to serve.

3.3 Health Beverages In recent years, Euryale fruit has been used to produce various health drinks. Li Yan et al. used Euryale fruit as the main raw material, with an enzyme dosage of 150U/g, and hydrolyzed the Euryale fruit at 60 ℃ for 90 minutes. After filtration, 6% sugar and 0.1% citric acid were added. After heating at 100% for 20 minutes to sterilize, a bright yellow color and good taste health drink was produced.

3.4 Sausages made from fermented glutinous rice kernels are added to the marinated meat filling to obtain the flavor of glutinous rice kernels. Sausages made by adding 4% glutinous rice kernels, a ratio of lean and fat to 9:1, and 8% starch have both the flavor of glutinous rice kernels and sausages. The sausage has a complete casing, bright colors, evenly distributed glutinous rice kernels, and tender meat.

3.5 Canned Euryale Fruits are made from fresh Euryale Fruits. First, the shells are peeled, and then the fresh Euryale Fruits are preserved in a mixture of 0.2% citric acid and 0.05% calcium lactate for 20 minutes. After achieving the effect of color preservation, in order to prevent enzymatic browning of the fresh Euryale Fruits, they are pre cooked at 90 ℃ for 90 seconds; And through orthogonal experiments, the optimal soup ratio was obtained as EDTA: citric acid: sodium isoVC: soup ratio of 1:15:10:25, and sterilized at 115 ℃ for 20 minutes to obtain fresh and fragrant canned thicket fruit.

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2024-02-26

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